What is Velvet?

Velvet is a pile fabric with a surface of short, upright pile fibres. In woven velvet, this pile is created by extra yarns that form loops, which are then cut open to create the soft raised surface. The result is a fabric with a dense, smooth pile and a characteristic direction in the nap.

Traditional velvet is a woven fabric, but knitted velvet qualities are also common. Knitted velvet is often more elastic and softer in drape than woven velvet. Fibre composition can vary from cotton, viscose or silk to polyester and blends, depending on the intended use and appearance.

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Specifications

Construction Woven or knitted pile fabric with a cut pile surface
Composition Can be made from cotton, viscose, silk, polyester or blends, sometimes with elastane
Fabric weight Usually medium to heavy, commonly around 180 to 350 g/m², depending on pile density, base fabric and composition
Stretch Little to no stretch in woven velvet; more stretch in knitted velvet or when elastane is added
Abbreviations CO = cotton, CV or VI = viscose, SE = silk, PES = polyester, EL = elastane
Appearance Soft pile surface, subtle sheen, visible nap direction, rich texture and colour depth

Velvet

Velvet is a woven pile fabric with a soft surface of upright pile fibres. The fabric is known for its rich texture, smooth touch and subtle light reflection. Because the pile catches the light in different directions, velvet often shows natural shade and colour variation when it moves.

Velvet is used for garments and interior items that need softness, depth and a more refined appearance. Depending on the pile height, fibre composition and base construction, velvet can feel fluid and elegant or firmer and more structured. Modern velvet qualities can be woven or knitted, and some versions include elastane for extra comfort.

Applications

Dresses and occasionwear
Jackets and blazers
Trousers and skirts
Tops and tunics
Children’s festive clothing
Cushions and decorative interior items
Curtains and soft furnishing
Accessories such as bags and hair accessories

Care Instructions

Velvet should usually be washed at 30°C or cleaned professionally, depending on the composition and finish. Washable velvet should be washed inside out on a delicate programme to protect the pile. Do not bleach. Avoid high-temperature tumble drying, as heat and pressure can flatten the pile. Ironing directly on the pile is not recommended; steam lightly from the reverse side or use a velvet board when needed.

Certifications

OEKO-TEX Standard 100 may be available depending on the specific article. For children’s clothing, baby-related applications or skin-contact items, always check the certification and class per fabric.

Practical Tip

Always check the nap direction before cutting velvet. Place all pattern pieces in the same direction to avoid visible colour differences, shade changes and texture variation in the finished item.

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posted on
04/06/2026